Meter.



No. 837,066. -PATENTED N07. 27, 1906. F. HOLDEN.

METER.

APPLIUATIQN FILED NOV= 17. 1905.

lnvenror, Prank Holden.

Wifnesses:

oNlirE sfrAn'rEs PATENT dOEEIOE.

FRANK HOLDEN,

OF RUGBY, EN

eL'AND.A 4Assi'efNoR To GENEaALv ELECTRIC COMPANY, A eOaPoRArioN OE NEW Yoan.

NIETER.

Speceation of Letters Patent. Application filed Novembery 17,

Patented Nov. 27, 1906.

1905. Serial No. 287,800.

To /n/J/ whom, '/t muy concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK HOLDEN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Rugby,

- movin element is partially or wholly im- `ends' mounted merse in a bath of mercury.

The'principal object of my invention is to provide a meter having a greater torque than thosenow in use, and l accomplish this by employing a plurality of armature-conductors on the moving element ol' the meter and a stationary conductor arranged to connect two or more of the armature-conductors in series, connection being made between the stationary and movable conductors by the 'mercury in which the armature is immerse.

and the magnetic leld ol the meter being ai'- ranged to act efiectively on the current in all ot the movable conductors so connected in series to produce a torque.

The novel features et my invention will be definitely indicated in the claims appended hereto. The details of construction and the inode oi" operation of my improved mercurynieter will bc better understood by reference to the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, which show one cmbodimentof my invention, and in whicli Figure 1 is a section ol' the meter. Fig. 2 isa section, on an enlarged scale, through the iiiercur -i'eceptacle- Fig. 3 is a perspective view o` the armature, and Fig. 4 is a plan view showing the arrangement ol' the magnetic Iield.

Referring to the drawings, 1 indicates a base ot' insulating material, preferably wood, on which is mounted an annular permanent magnet 2, having two inwardly-projectiiig poles at diametrically opposite points.'4 This annular magnet structure may consist of two semicircular permanent magnets 3 .and 4, each having inwardly-projecting poles at its with their like poles side, as shown in Fig. 4. Mounted on the base 1 concentric with the annular magnet is a cylindrical block 5.of insulating material having embedded therein a bar of magnetic material or aperinanent magnet 6, the extremities of which are presented to the poles of the magnet 2. The extremitiesand also\the top of the bar 6 and the pole-faces of the magnet 2 are covered with a thin iilm oi insulating material, as indicated at 7 and 8 in Fig..2. Insulating material 9 is filled in around the inner` side of the magnet 2 between the poles thereof, so as to form a narrow annular chamber, the interior wall of which is formed by the surface of the cylindrica'l block 5 and the insulated extremities ol' the bar 6 and the outer wall by the iiisulating material Q and the insulated pole-faces of the magnet 2. This chamber is iilled with mercury, and the armature is arranged to rotate therein immersed in the mercury. The armature is carried by a spindle 10, mounted ior rotation iii suitable bearings, one o'f which is seated in the top of the bar 6 and the other in a frame 11,. This frame carries a dial 12, which. is geared to the spindle10 in the usual manner. Extending radially from the spindle 1() immediately abovebloc 5 are ing material, as indicated at 16', Fig. 2,.

Mounted directly above the armature and extending across I[he top thereof' is a diaphragm 17, ol" lion-magnetic sheet-metal coated on both sides with a'tliin ilm of insulated material, as indicated at 18, Fig. 2. Secured to the magnet 2 and inclosing the diaphragm 17 is a cover 19, shaped so as to form a receptacle between it and the diaphragm. Depending from the under Side `ot this cover is a tubular stem 20, through the opening of which the' spindle 10 of the meter extends. Openings are provided through the diaphragm 17 at the center for thel spindie 1() and at the edges to permit tli'e mercury to iiow freely from the armature-.chamber into the receptable formed by the cover 19 and diaphragm 17. With this construc- IOO kmitted.v Also when the flows into. this receptacle it vin proximityv to the path tion it 'vll be seen that as the under side of the difphragm is very close to the moving element-it serves to confine the mercury Within thearm ature-chamber, so4 that When the meter is moved about surgiiig'of the mercury is prevented, thereby avoiding any damage to the armature, which might result if tree movement ot the mercury were permeter is tilted the mercury runs from the armature-chamber through the openings in diaphragm 17 into the receptacle formed by the cover 19 and. diaphragm 17, but the stern :YO is osuch a length that even though allot the mercury will not rise to such a height therein as to allow any of it to iow out around the spindle and be lost. Depending from the under side ot the diaplnagni 17 and in electrical connection therewith are two studs 21 and 22, extending of movement of the upper ends of the arinature-conductors 16. These studs are uni ns ulat-ed and are mounted one above cach ofthe inwardly-projecting poles ot' the magnet 2. Mounted in the base 1 and extending into the mercury-chambei' directly under each ot the magnet-poles is a leading-in conductor 23. Openings are pro,- vided'in the base, permitting line conductors 24 to be inserted therein to make electrical connectionl with the ieading-in conductors 23, and threaded openingsere also provided in the bastgperinitting the insertion of plugs 25, Which may be screwed up to press the line conductors 24: into good electrical contact with the leading-in conductors 23.

As thus muistructed it will be se'cn that the permanent magnet 2 and` the vbar o establish strong magnetic iields between the poles oi." the magnet and the cxtren'iitics ot'the bar, which are magnetically in series with cach other Current enters the meter at one ot the conductors 24- and flows to the contact 2:3, then through the mercury to the uninsuiated end ot' one ol the armattire-conductors lo, through the mnductor thus traversing the. magnetic tield, and at the upper end oi l 'he coiuiix -tor it ze, iin passes through the "iper end of the armature through the hr ,mother armattire-conductor lo and u iin-munir and out 4oy the other conductor LH. "vro of the arniaturc-conductors 16 lynn( in ne tivo gaps .ni the magnetic circuit i are thus connected in serios', and atorqne is developed tending to turn the movahle elej nient, As 'the two conductors thus connect ed iii series move out ol' the in igneiic 'liclds two other condiuftors move into the fields and are connected in series in a similar nienner and produce a driving torque. in 'this Wayjiiairs ei conductors are si i veli' Voir nected ni series as tlieyinove into the in; netic iields, and the torque of the meter "furv tr. tue studl 21. it then misses across I (un l? o the stud 22 and then doivn opening extending from the bottom of the mercury-chamber at the point Where one of the leading-in conductors enters the chamber diametrically across to the bottom of the mercury-chamber on the other side where the conductor 23 enters it. This passage is filled with mercury, as shown in the drawings, which serves to carry a portion of the current directly across from one conductor 231e the other instead of permitting it to flow through the armature-conductors and the diaphragnil'. ln'order to adjust' the conductivity of this shunt7 'l'provide a transverse threaded c peiling intercepting the opening 26 and a plug 27, of .insulating material, which may he screwed into or out oi the .threaded opening more oi' less to partially or wholly close the' passage-way for the current j through the mercury in the passage 26. l l do not wish to be understood as limited to the exact construction which i have illusi trated and described herein, as various modilic'ations can be made therein without del parting from the spirit of my inventiom'and l all such niodiiications I aim to cover by the f terms ol the claims appended hereto.

l l l l /Vhat I claim as new, and desire to secure h): i ftters Patent ot the United States, is-

J. An electric meter comprising a magnrt structure having two gaps therein arranged magnetically in series, an armature having a plurality ot conductors mounted for movement in said gaps, and 'means including a bath of a conducting` liquid in which the armature is immersed lfor connecting a plurality of raid conductors in series. i 2. Aneleetric meter comprising a magnet l structure having two gaps therein arranged t magnetically in series, an armature having a ,f plurality of conductors mounted for movenient in said gaps, and a stationary conduc- ,l tor extein'ling from one gap to the other to i connect a plurality oi said armature-con j ductors in, series. y 3. An electric n'ieter comprising a. magnet l structure having tivo gaps Itherein arranged i magnetically in series, an` armature having a l plurality ot' conductors mounted for movemeinv in said gaps, a bath of a conducting liquid in which. the armature is immersed, Yl a :fatioiiai'y conductor extending from to the other und making contact conflicting liquid to connect a said armature conductors in IOO IZO

- gap to the other and 4. An electric meter comprising a magnet structure havingr two gaps'thercin arranged magnetically in series, an armature havingl a plurality of armattire-conductors mounted for movement in said gaps, a hath of mercury in which the armature is immersed, and a stationary conductor extending from one making Contact with the mercury at said gaps to connect pairs of said conductors in series siufeessively.

:3. An electric iueter comprising a magnet.'

' structure having` two gaps therein arranged l magnetically Vin series, an armature having a i plurality oi' emuluctors mounted for movei nient in said gaps, a conducting liquid in which the armature is immersed', and a sta tionary conduct(vl-.extendinfr from one gap to the other and having;r its ends in contact with said conducting` liquid and in proximity to the pat-h ot movement oi' the armature-conductors. i

6. An elet-.tric meter eomprsinijr 'uuans for i establishing a magnetic Iield, an armature 1 havingl a plurality o f armaturc-coiuluetors mounted ior rotation therein, means inelud i ine; a stationary conductor located across one g end of the armature for carrying current* from one armature-conductor to another, ll and means for registeringr the movements ol' g the armature.

7. An electric, meter comprising means for establishing a magnetic licld, au armature having a plurality of armature-conductors\ mounted for rotation therein, a hath of' a conducting liquid in which the armature is i immersed, a stationary conductor for carrying current across the end .o i the arnmture from one armature-condi.:ctor to another, and i means for registering the movements of the l armature. i y 8. An electric meter comprising means ifor estahlishingr a magnetic Iiehi, an armature i having a plurality oi armaturc-conductors' mounted forrotation therein, a hath ot mer-- oury in which the armaturev is immersed, a stationary conductt'u making contact at its ends with the mercury for carryingy current across the cud oi the armature troni one armature-cor.ductor to another, and a register actuatedv hy the artnet-ure.

9. An electric meter eompr'sing means `i'or estahlishing a vmagnetic iii-ld, an armature having' a plurality oi" armatiire-coiuluctors mounted for rotation therein: a hath of mercury in 'which the armature is. immersed, a stationary conductor extending :rf-ross Huw end ot the :'.riiattni and having; its ends in e contact with the mercury and in proximity i i i l i l to the path of movement of the armatureconductors, and a register actuated by the armature.

10. An electric 'meter comprising a Inercury-reeeptaele having walls ofl insulating material, lncrcury therein., va magnet establishing magnetic fields across said receptacle, an armature having a plurality of armatureconductors mounted for rotation in said receptacle, a stationary conductor extending across one end of the armature and having its ends in contact with the mercury and in proximity to the path of movement of the arnu|.tureeonductors, means for leading current to and from the mercury-receptaclo at the other end of the armature, and a register actuated hy thc armature.

ll, An e ectric meter comprising a magnet structure havingr two gaps therein arrange magnetirnlly in series, an armature having a plurality ol conductors mounted i'or movement in said gaps, a hath of' a conducting liquid in which the armature is immersed, means for carrying current to and from the mercury at one end oi' said gaps, and a stationary conductor extendiniacross the other end of the armature an making contact with theI mercury at th;` other end. of the gaps.

12. ln an electric nuainu'ing instrument, a me'rcury-receptacle, mercu therein,i a moving element in the reeeptac e, means for establishing a magnetic field acting on the moving element, means tor oarryixw current to and from the mercury-rcceptac.e, and a passage eomnnmicating with the mercuryrer-.eptacle 'and filled with mercury, said merrury forming a ath for current in shunt to th'e path through the movingl element.

t3. ln an electric measuring instrument, a mercury receptacle, mercut therein, a moving element m the rece tac e.' means for est-ahlishinar a magnetic tie d acting on the mo ving' element, means for carrying current 1o and from the iuercury-rcceptaele, a passage eoumumicating with the mercu1y-re-- erp-taria and lilled with mercury, said merm rury forming; a pathI for current in shuntV t the path through the moving element, ari-'i means for varying the oomluctivity or this shunt-path.

,in v. irness whereof l have hereunto se". my

` November, i905.

hand this` 3d day oi rar-init nehmen.

Wi messes:

ll. D. ..,\.uuso.\, A. Nirvana. 

